Language preservation, language diversity, language planning, global English, English only: Some sources for composition and rhetoric


Rebecca Moore Howard
The Writing Program
Syracuse University


Please note: I'm increasingly using CiteULike and del.icio.us for my bibliographic work. (On both sites you'll need to click on tags of interest.) Browse what's on this page and then check out CiteULike, del.icio.us, CompPile, and the MLA International Bibliography (requires SU ID) for more. A list of all the static bibliographies that I've put online is here.


Please email suggestions, corrections, or additions.


Last updated 16 February 2007

Adams, Karen L. and Daniel T. Brink, eds.  Perspectives on Official English.  New York:  Mouton, 1990.

Adger, Carol Temple.  "Language Policy and Public Knowledge."  Center for Applied Linguistics.  January 1997.  <http://www.cal.org/ebonics/eboped.html>. 

Alatis, James, and Carolyn A. Straehle.  "The Universe of English: Imperialism, Chauvinism, and Paranoia."  World Englishes 2000.  Ed. Larry E. Smith and Michael L. Forman.  U Hawaii P, 1997.  1-20. 

Ammon, Ulrich, ed. Status and Function of Languages and Language Varieties. 1989.

Arnove, Robert F., and Carlos Alberto Torres.  Comparative Education:  The Dialectic of the Global and the Local.  2nd ed. Lanham, MD:  Rowman & Littlefield, 2003.

Ashcroft, Bill, Gareth Griffiths, and Helen Tiffin.  The Empire Writes Back.  2nd ed.  New York:  Routledge, 2002. 

Auerbach, Elsa Roberts.  "When Pedagogy Meets Politics:  Challenging English Only in Adult Education."  Language Ideologies:  Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement.  Ed. Roseann Dueñas González.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 2000.   177-204. 

Auerbach, Elsa.  "The Challenge of the English Only Movement."  College English 54.7 (November 1992):  843-51.

Bailey, R.W., and M. Görlach, eds.  English as a World Language.  Ann Arbor:  U Michigan P, 1982. 

Baker, Stephen. "English as Second Language, English as First Love." Writer's Digest June 1990: 80, 78-9.

Ball, Arnetha F., and Rashidah Jaami` Muhammad.  "Language Diversity in Teacher Education and in the Classroom."  Language Diversity in the Classroom:  From Intention to Practice. Ed. Geneva Smitherman and Victor Villanueva.  Carbondale:  Southern Illinois UP, 2003.  76-88.

Baron, Dennis E. The English-Only Question: An Official Language for Americans? New Haven, CT: Yale UP.

Baron, Dennis E. Grammar and Good Taste: Reforming the American Language. New Haven: Yale UP, 1982. 

Baron, Dennis.  "Language Legislation and Language Abuse:  American Language Policy through the 1990s." Language Ideologies:  Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement.  Vol. 2.  Ed. Roseann Dueñas González.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 2001.  5-29. 

Baron, Dennis. "The Legal Status of English in Illinois: Case Study of a Multilingual State." Not Only English: Affirming America's Multilingual Heritage. Ed. Harvey A. Daniels. Urbana, Illinois: NCTE, 1990. 13-26.

Bauer, Laurie, and Peter Trudgill, eds.  Language Myths.  New York:  Penguin, 1998. 

Bean, Janet, et al.  "Should We Invite Students to Write in Home Languages?  Complicating the Yes/No Debate."  Composition Studies 31.1 (Spring 2003):  25-42. 

Beebe, L. "Social and Situational Factors Affecting the Communicative Strategy of Dialect Code-Switching." International Journal of the Sociology of Language 30 (1981): 139-46.

Benally, AnCita, and T.L. McCarty.  "The Navaho Language Today."  Perspectives on Official English.  Ed. Karen L. Adams and Daniel T. Brink.  New York:  Mouton de Gruyter, 1990.  237-46.

Benson, P.  "The Philosophy and Politics of Learner Autonomy."  Autonomy and Independence in Language Learning.  Ed. P. Benson and P. Voller.  London:  Longman, 1997.  18-34. 

Berlin, James.  Rhetorics, Poetics, and Cultures:  Refiguring College English Studies.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 1996. 

Bhatia, Tej J.  Advertising in Rural India. Tokyo, Japan:  Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, 2000. 

Bidialectalism. 

Bivens, Matt.  "GOP Texans Slur Mexicans."  The Nation 21 August 2003.  <http://www.thenation.com/outrage/index.mhtml?pid=903>.  Accessed 22 August 2003. 

Bizzell, Patricia, and Bruce Herzberg, eds. The Rhetorical Tradition: Readings from Classical Times to the Present. Boston: Bedford, 1990.

Block, David, and Deborah Cameron, eds.  Globalization and Language Teaching.  New York:  Routledge, 2001. 

Botz-Bornstein, Thorsten. "Liquid Grammar, Liquid Style: On the East-Asian Way of Using English or Reflections on the 'Linguistic Air-Guitar.'" CTheory 11 Apr. 2006.

Burchfield, R.W., ed.  The Cambridge History of the English Language, Volume 5:  English in Britain and Overseas (Origin and Development).  Cambridge UP, 1994. 

Burns, Anne, and Caroline Coffin, eds.  Analysing English in a Global Context. Routledge, 2001. 

Butler, Melvin, ed. Students' Right to Their Own Language. Urbana: NCTE, 1974.

Cafferty, Pastora San Juan. "The Language Question: The Dilemma of Bilingual Education for Hispanics in America."  Ethnic Relations in America. Ed. Lance Liebman. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1982. 101-127.

Canagarajah, A. Suresh.  Critical Academic Writing and Multilingual Students.  Ann Arbor:  U Michigan P, 2002. 

Canagarajah, A. Suresh.  A Geopolitics of Academic Writing.  U Pittsburgh P, 2002. 

Canagarajah, A. Suresh. "The Place of World Englishes in Composition: Pluralization Continued." College Composition and Communication 57.4 (June 2006).

Canagarajah, A. Suresh. Resisting Linguistic Imperialism in English Teaching. Oxford UP, 1999.

Centro de Estudios Puertorriquenos. "Language Policy and the Puerto Rican Community." The Bilingual Review/La Revista Bilingue 5 (1978): 1-39. 

Chambers, J.K., Peter Trudgill, and Natalie Schilling-Estes, eds.  The Handbook of Language Variation and Change.  Blackwell, 2002. 

Chen, Edward M.  "Statement on the Civil Liberties Implications of Official English Legislation before the United States Senate Committee on Governmental Affairs, December 6, 1995."  Language Ideologies:  Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement.  Vol. 2.  Ed. Roseann Dueñas González.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 2001.  30-62. 

Cheshire, J., ed.  English Around the World:  Sociolinguistic Perspectives.  Cambridge UP, 1991. 

Chouinard, Marie-Andrée.  "L'Ecole Publique Contre-Attaque."  Le Devoir (Montreal) 26 September 2003 <http://www.ledevoir.com/2003/09/26/37093.html>. 

Clark, Urzula.  War Words:  Language, History and the Disciplining of English.  New York:  Elsevier, 2001. 

Cliett, Victoria.  "The Expanding Frontier of World Englishes:  A New Perspective for Teachers of English."  Language Diversity in the Classroom:  From Intention to Practice. Ed. Geneva Smitherman and Victor Villanueva.  Carbondale:  Southern Illinois UP, 2003.  67-76.

Combs, Mary Carol, and Lynn M. Lynch. "Disillusionment with Official English and the Search for Alternatives." Not Only English: Affirming America's Multilingual Heritage. Ed. Harvey A. Daniels. Urbana, Illinois: NCTE, 1990. 99-108.

Connal, Louise Rodríguez.  "Transcultural Rhetorics for Cultural Survival."  Language Ideologies:  Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement.  Vol. 1.  Ed. Roseann Dueñas González.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 2000.   318-332.

Correa-Zoli, Yole. "The Language of Italian Americans." Language in the USA. Ed. Charles Ferguson and Shirley Brice Heath. New York: Cambridge UP, 1981. 239-56.

Corson, David.  "Social Justice, Language Policy, and English Only." Language Ideologies:  Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement.  Vol. 2.  Ed. Roseann Dueñas González.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 2001.  95-120. 

Coulmas, Florian, ed. Linguistic Minorities and Literacy: Language Policy Issues in Developing Countries. New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 1984.

Crawford, James.  "Proposition 227:  A New Phase of the English Only Movement."  Language Ideologies:  Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement.  Ed. Roseann Dueñas González.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 2000.   28-61. 

Crowley, Tony.  Language in History:  Theories and Texts.  New York:  Routledge, 1996. 

Crystal, David.  English as a Global Language.  Cambridge, UK:  Cambridge UP, 1997.

Curman, Peter.  "Print on Demand:  Bringing Writers and Readers Closer to Each Other."  Asian-Pacific Book Development 32.1 (2001):  6-7. 

Daniels, Harvey A., ed. Not Only English: Affirming America's Multilingual Heritage. NCTE, 1990.

Daniels, Harvey A. "The Roots of Language Protectionism." Not Only English: Affirming America's Multilingual Heritage. Ed. Harvey A. Daniels. Urbana, Illinois: NCTE, 1990. 3-12.

Daniels, Harvey A. "What One Teacher Can Do." Not Only English: Affirming America's Multilingual Heritage. Ed. Harvey A. Daniels. Urbana, Illinois: NCTE, 1990. 121-30.

Davis, Vivian I. "Paranoia in Language Politics." Not Only English: Affirming America's Multilingual Heritage. Ed. Harvey A. Daniels. Urbana, Illinois: NCTE, 1990. 71-6.

Derrida, Jacques.  Monolingualism of the Other or the Prosthesis of Origin.  Trans. Patrick Mensah.  Stanford, CA:  Stanford UP, 1996. 

Diamond, Stanley.  "English—The Official Language of California, 1983-1988."  Perspectives on Official English.  Ed. Karen L. Adams and Daniel T. Brink.  New York:  Mouton de Gruyter, 1990.  111-120. 

Dissanayake, Wimal.  "Cultural Studies and World Englishes:  Some Topics for Further Exploration."  World Englishes 2000.  Ed. Larry E. Smith and Michael L. Forman.  U Hawaii P, 1997.  126-145. 

Drake, G.F. The Role of Prescriptivism in American Linguistics, 1820-1970. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, B.V., 1977.

ESL. 

Espinosa-Aguilar, Amanda.  "Analyzing the Rhetoric of the English Only Movement." Language Ideologies:  Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement.  Vol. 2.  Ed. Roseann Dueñas González.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 2001.  268-288. 

Fisher, John H. The Emergence of Standard English. Lexington: UP of Kentucky, 1996.

Fishman, Joshua A. "Bilingual Education, Language Planning and English." English Varieties World-Wide 1.1 (1980): 11-24.

Flaitz, Jeffra. The Ideology of English: French Perceptions of English as a World Language. New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 1988.

Flowerdew, John, and Matthew Peacock.  Research Perspectives on English for Academic Purposes. Cambridge UP, 2001. 

Foster, David, and David R. Russell, eds.  Writing and Learning in Cross-National Perspective:  Transitions from Secondary to Higher Education.  Mahwah, NJ:  Lawrence Erlbaum, 2002. 

Frank, Francine Wattman, and Paula A. Treichler, et al. Language, Gender, and Professional Writing: Theoretical Approaches and Guidelines for Nonsexist Usage. New York: MLA, 1989.

Frank, Francine Wattman. "Language Planning, Language Reform, and Language Change: A Review of Guidelines for Nonsexist Usage." Language, Gender, and Professional Writing: Theoretical Approaches and Guidelines for Nonsexist Usage. Francine Wattman Frank, and Paula A. Treichler, et al. New York: MLA, 1989. 105-136.

Frick, Elizabeth. "Metaphors and Motives of Language-Restriction Movements." Not Only English: Affirming America's Multilingual Heritage. Ed. Harvey A. Daniels. Urbana, Illinois: NCTE, 1990. 27-36.

García, Eugene E.  "Treating Linguistic and Cultural Diversity as a Resource:  The Research Response to the Challenges Inherent in the Improving America's Schools Act and California's Proposition 177."  Language Ideologies:  Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement.  Ed. Roseann Dueñas González.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 2000.   90-113. 

García, Ofelia, ed. Bilingual Education. Philadelphia: John Benjamins, 1991.

García, Ofelia, and R. Otheguy, eds.  English Across Cultures:  Cultures Across English.  Berlin:  Mouton de Gruyter, 1989. 

Geisler, Michael.  "Global English-Global Freeze? The Cultural Expertise of Foreign Language Departments and the Future of Intellectual Diversity."  ADFL Bulletin 33.3 (Spring 2002).  [file Grammar]

Giles, Howard, et al.  "Reactions to Anglo- and Hispanic-American-Accented Speakers:  Affect, Identity, Persuasion, and the English-Only Controversy."  Language and Communication 15.2 (April 1995):  107-20. 

Gillette, Arthur.  "The Experimental World Literacy Program:  A Unique International Effort Revisited."  The Future of Literacy in a Changing World.  Ed. Daniel A. Wagner.  Rev. ed.  Cresskill, NJ:  Hampden P, 1999.  353-372. 

Giroux, Henry A.  "English Only and the Crisis of Memory, Culture, and Democracy." Language Ideologies:  Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement.  Vol. 2.  Ed. Roseann Dueñas González.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 2001.  ix-xvii. 

Giroux, Henry, and Peter McLaren, "Teacher Education and the Politics of Engagement:  The Case for Democratic Schooling." Harvard Educational Review 56.3 (1986):  213-238.

Goldstein, Lynn M.  "Three Newspapers and a Linguist:  A Folk Linguistic Journey into the Land of English as the Official Language." Language Ideologies:  Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement.  Vol. 2.  Ed. Roseann Dueñas González.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 2001.  221-244. 

Gonzalez, Roseann Dueñas. "In the Aftermath of the ELA: Stripping Language Minorities of Their Rights." Not Only English: Affirming America's Multilingual Heritage. Ed. Harvey A. Daniels. Urbana, Illinois: NCTE, 1990. 49-60.

González, Roseann Dueñas, ed.  Language Ideologies:  Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement.  2 vols.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 2000-2001. 

Goodman, Sharon, et alia, eds.  Language, Literacy, and Education:  A Reader.  Trentham Books, 2003. 

Goodman, Sharon, and David Graddol, eds.  Redesigning English:  New Texts, New Identities.  Routledge, 1997. 

Görlach, Manfred.  Englishes:  Studies in Varieties of English 1984-1988.  Philadelphia:  John Benjamins, 1991. 

Görlach, Manfred.  More Englishes:  New Studies in Varieties of English.  Philadelphia:  John Benjamins, 1995. 

Haddad, Wadi.  "What Next for World Literacy:  An Afterword."  The Future of Literacy in a Changing World.  Ed. Daniel A. Wagner.  Rev. ed.  Cresskill, NJ:  Hampden P, 1999.  397-398. 

Hamp-Lyons, Liz. "Writing Assessment in the World." Assessing Writing 9.1 (2004): 1-3.

Harshav, Benjamin. Language in Time of Revolution. U California P, 1990.

Hawisher, Gail E., and Cynthia L. Selfe.  Global Literacies and the World-Wide Web.  New York:  Routledge, 2000. 

Heath, Shirley Brice.  "English in Our Language Heritage."  Language in the USA.  Ed. Charles Ferguson and Shirley Brice Heath.  New York:  Cambridge UP, 1981.  6-20. 

Heller, Monica, et al. Codeswitching: Anthropological and Sociolinguistic Perspectives. New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 1988.

Hill, Jane H.  "The Racializing Function of Language Panics." Language Ideologies:  Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement.  Vol. 2.  Ed. Roseann Dueñas González.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 2001.  245-267. 

Himley, Margaret.  "Writing Programs and Pedagogies in a Globalized Landscape."  WPA:  Writing Program Administration 26.3 (Spring 2003):  49-66. 

Horner, Bruce. "Cross-Language Relations in Composition." College English 68.6 (July 2006): 569-574.

Horner, Bruce, and John Trimbur.  "English Only and U.S. College Composition."  College Composition and Communication 53.4 (June 2002):  594-630. 

Inman, James A., Cheryl Reed, and Peter Sands, eds.  Electronic Collaboration in the Humanities. Mahwah, NJ:  Lawrence Erlbaum, 2003.

Jenkins, Jennifer. "Current Perspectives on Teaching World Englishes and English as a Lingua Franca." TESOL Quarterly 40.1 (Mar. 2006): 157-181.

Jenkins, Jennifer.  World Englishes:  A Resource Book for Students.  New York:  Routledge, 2003. 

Jiang, Xueqin.  "Chinese Academics Consider a 'Culture of Copying.'"  The Chronicle of Higher Education (17 May 2002).  < http://chronicle.com/weekly/v48/i36/36a04501.htm>.  28 May 2002. 

Judd, Elliot L.  "English Only and ESL Instruction:  Will It Make a Difference?"  Language Ideologies:  Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement.  Ed. Roseann Dueñas González.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 2000.  163-167. 

Judd, Elliot L. "The Federal English Language Amendment: Prospects and Perils." Not Only English: Affirming America's Multilingual Heritage. Ed. Harvey A. Daniels. Urbana, Illinois: NCTE, 1990. 37-46.

Kachru, Braj.  The Alchemy of English:  The Spread, Functions and Models of Non-Native Englishes.  Oxford:  Pergamon, 1986. 

Kachru, Braj, ed.  The Other Tongue:  English Across Cultures.  2nd ed.  Urbana:  U Illinois P, 1992. 

Kaplan, Robert B., and Richard B. Baldauf, Jr.  "Not Only English:  English Only and the World." Language Ideologies:  Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement.  Vol. 2.  Ed. Roseann Dueñas González.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 2001.  293-315. 

Lamy, Paul, ed. Language Planning and Identity Planning. New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 1979.

Lee, Randy H., and David F. Marshall.  "'Shooting Themselves in the Foot':  Consequences of English Only Supporters 'Going to Law.'" Language Ideologies:  Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement.  Vol. 2.  Ed. Roseann Dueñas González.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 2001.  171-190. 

Lewis, E. Glyn. Bilingual Education. New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 1985.

Li, Xiao-ming.  "Good Writing" in Cross-Cultural Context.  Albany:  SUNY UP, 1995. 

Looby, Christopher.  Voicing America:  Language, Literary Form, and the Origins of the United States.  U Chicago P, 1996.

Lovejoy, Kim Brian.  "Practical Pedagogy for Composition." Language Diversity in the Classroom:  From Intention to Practice. Ed. Geneva Smitherman and Victor Villanueva.  Carbondale:  Southern Illinois UP, 2003.  89-108.

Lu, Min-Zhan. "Living-English Work." College English 68.6 (July 2006): 605-618.

Luke, Allan, A. McHoul, and Jacob L. Mey.  "On the Limits of Language Planning:  Class, State and Power."  Language Planning and Education in Australasia and the South Pacific.  Ed. R.B. Baldauf, Jr., and Allan Luke.  Clevedon, UK:  Multilingual Matters, 1990.  25-44. 

Lyovin, Anatole V.  An Introduction to the Languages of the World.  New York:  Oxford UP, 1996. 

Macedo, Donaldo.  "English Only:  The Tongue Tying of America."  Journal of Education 173.2 (1991):  9-19.

Macedo, Donaldo, Bessie Dendrinos, and Panayota Gounari, eds.  The Hegemony of English.  Brassey's, 2003. 

Magnet, Joseph E.  "Canadian Perspectives on Official English."  Perspectives on Official English.  Ed. Karen L. Adams and Daniel T. Brink.  New York:  Mouton de Gruyter, 1990.  53-62.

Marshall, David F., ed. Language Planning. Philadelphia: John Benjamins, 1991.

Marshall, David F., and Roseann D. Gonzalez.  "Una Lingua, una Patria?  Is Monolingualism Beneficial or Harmful to a Nation's Unity?"  Perspectives on Official English.  Ed. Karen L. Adams and Daniel T. Brink.  New York:  Mouton de Gruyter, 1990.  29-52.

Matsuda, Paul Kei. "The Myth of Linguistic Homogeneity in U.S. College Composition." College English 68.6 (July 2006): 637-651.

McArthur, Tom.  The English Languages.  New York:  Cambridge, 1998.

McArthur, Tom.  The Oxford Guide to World English.  Oxford UP, 2002. 

McLeod, Susan. "WAC in International Contexts: An Introduction." Language and Learning Across the Disciplines 5.3 (2002): 1-10.

McWhorter, John. "Dying Languages." New York Sun 28 Dec. 2006.

Melchers, Gunnel, and Philip Shaw.  World Englishes.  Oxford UP, 2003. 

Miguelez, Cynthia.  "The 'Normalization' of Minority Languages in Spain." Language Ideologies:  Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement.  Vol. 2.  Ed. Roseann Dueñas González.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 2001.  346-368. 

Moran, Rachel F.  "Language and the Law in the Classroom:  Bilingual Education and the Official English Initiative."  Perspectives on Official English.  Ed. Karen L. Adams and Daniel T. Brink.  New York:  Mouton de Gruyter, 1990.  285-92.

Moreno, Renee M.  "'The Politics of Location':  Text as Opposition."  College Composition and Communication 54.2 (December 2002):  222-242. 

Mufwene, Salikoko S.  "The Legitimate and Illegitimate Offspring of English."  World Englishes 2000.  Ed. Larry E. Smith and Michael L. Forman.  U Hawaii P, 1997.  182-203. 

Multiculturalism. 

Nakata, Martin.  "History, Cultural Diversity and English Language Teaching."  Multiliteracies:  Literacy Learning and the Design of Social Futures.  Ed. Bill Cope and Mary Kalantzis.  New York:  Routledge, 2000.  106-120. 

Neal, Terry M.  "Schwarzenegger Is No One-Dimensional Character."  The Washington Post 13 August 2003.  <http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A53646-2003Aug13.html>.

Nettle, Daniel, and Suzanne Romaine.  Vanishing Voices:  The Extinction of the World's Languages.  New York:  Oxford UP, 2000. 

Niederhauser, Janet.  "South Korea's Globalization Program: What It Means for Native English Speakers."  TESOL Journal 5.2 (1995):  4-5. 

Noam, Eli.  "The Next Culture Wars."  The Financial Times (London) 2 October 2003.  <http://news.ft.com/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=FT.com/StoryFT/FullStory&c=StoryFT&cid=1059480293591&p=1012571727085>. 

Nugent, Tom.  "Experts Speak Out to Save Midwestern Tribal Languages."  Chicago Tribune 12 October 2003.  <http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/chi-0310120457oct12,1,6043008.story?coll=chi-newsnationworld-hed>. 

Okawa, Gail Y.  "From 'Bad Attitudes' to(ward) Linguistic Pluralism:  Developing Reflective Language Policy among Preservice Teachers."  Language Ideologies:  Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement.  Vol. 1.  Ed. Roseann Dueñas González.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 2000.   276-296. 

Okawa, Gail Y.  "'Resurfacing Roots':  Developing a Pedagogy of Language Awareness from Two Views."  Language Diversity in the Classroom:  From Intention to Practice. Ed. Geneva Smitherman and Victor Villanueva.  Carbondale:  Southern Illinois UP, 2003.  109-134.

Padilla, Amado M.  "English Only vs. Bilingual Education:  Ensuring a Language Competent Society."  Journal of Education 173.2 (1991):  38-49.

Padilla, R.V., ed. Bilingual Education and Public Policy in the United States. Ypsilanti: Bilingual Programs, Eastern Michigan University, 1979.

Parks, Stephen.  Class Politics:  The Movement for the Students' Right to Their Own Language.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 2000. 

Pennycook, Alastair.  Critical Applied Linguistics:  A Critical Introduction.  Mahwah, NJ:  Lawrence Erlbaum, 2001. 

Pennycook, Alastair.  The Cultural Politics of English as an International Language.  London:  Longman, 1994. 

Pennycook, Alastair.  English and the Discourses of Colonialism. New York:  Routledge, 1998. 

Pennycook, Alastair.  "Lessons from Colonial Language Policies." Language Ideologies:  Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement.  Vol. 2.  Ed. Roseann Dueñas González.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 2001.  195-220. 

Perea, Juan F.  "The New American Spanish War:  How the Courts and the Legislatures Are Aiding the Suppression of Languages Other Than English." Language Ideologies:  Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement.  Vol. 2.  Ed. Roseann Dueñas González.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 2001.  121-140. 

Pérez, Bertha, ed.  Sociocultural Contexts of Language and Literacy.  2nd ed.  Mahwah, NJ:  Lawrence Erlbaum, 2004.

Phillipson, Robert.  English-Only Europe?  Challenging Language Policy.  New York:  Routledge, 2003. 

Phillipson, Robert.  Linguistic Imperialism.  Oxford UP, 1992. 

Platt, J., H. Weber, and M.L. Ho.  The New Englishes.  London:  Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1984. 

"Policy Statement of the TESOL Board on African American Vernacular English."  Center for Applied Linguistics.  10 March 1997.  <http://www.cal.org/ebonics/tesolebo.html>.

Porter, Rosalie Pedalino. Forked Tongue: The Politics of Bilingual Education. New York: HarperCollins.

Preisler, Bent.  "Functions and Forms of English in a European EFL Country."  Standard English:  The Widening Debate.  Eds. Tony Bex and Richard J. Watts.  New York:  Routledge, 1999.  239-268. 

Ricento, Thomas.  "Lessons, Caveats, and a Way Forward." Language Ideologies:  Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement.  Vol. 2.  Ed. Roseann Dueñas González.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 2001.  369-382. 

Romaine, Suzanne.  "World Englishes: Standards and the New World Order."  World Englishes 2000.  Ed. Larry E. Smith and Michael L. Forman.  U Hawaii P, 1997.  ix-xvi. 

Rubin, Joan, ed. Language Planning in the United States. New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 1985.

Rubin, Joan, ed. Language Planning Processes. New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 1977.

Ruiz, Richard.  "Official Languages and Language Planning."  Perspectives on Official English.  Ed. Karen L. Adams and Daniel T. Brink.  New York:  Mouton de Gruyter, 1990.  11-26. 

San Juan, Edward, Jr.  "Philippine Writing in English:  Postcolonial Syncretism Versus a Textual Practice of National Liberation."  Ariel 22.4 (October 1991):  69-88.

Sanchez-Camara, Florencio, and Felipe Ayala, eds. Concepts for Communication and Development in Bilingual-Bicultural Communities. New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 1979.

Santa Ana, Otto. Tongue-Tied:  The Lives of Multilingual Children in Public Education.  Lanham, MD:  Rowman & Littlefield, 2004. 

Schaub, Mark.  "Beyond These Shores:  An Argument for Internationalizing Composition."  Pedagogy 3.1 (2003):  85-98. 

Schmid, Carol L.  "The Politics of English Only in the United States:  Historical, Social, and Legal Aspects."  Language Ideologies:  Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement.  Ed. Roseann Dueñas González.  Urbana, IL:  National Council of Teachers of English, 2000.   62-86. 

Schmid, Carol L.  The Politics of Language:  Conflict, Identity, and Cultural Pluralism in Comparative Perspective.  New York:  Oxford UP, 2001. 

Shopen, Timothy. Languages and Their Speakers. Philadelphia: U of Pennsylvania P, 1987.

Sledd, James. "Anglo-Conformity: Folk Remedy for Lost Hegemony." Not Only English: Affirming America's Multilingual Heritage. Ed. Harvey A. Daniels. Urbana, Illinois: NCTE, 1990. 87-96.

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