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July 20, 2006

Gathering evidence

In the past couple of years, the WPA as an organization has increasingly moved to participate in public discourse on literacy education. Most visibly, the Network for Media Action has developed strategies for contributing to, taking control of, and initiating public conversations. When I keynoted at WPA a few years ago, my focus was on using multiple media to communicate disciplinary perspectives to those outside the discipline (even though I was—yeesh—so clueless as to post the MS Word doc online). This year Chris Anson's keynote described the content needed for those conversations: research data. A problem with our extra-disciplinary and especially extra-academic conversations about literacy, Anson says, is that we respond to attacks with statements of belief. His case study is the "study" sponsored by the conservative Pope Center, in which a retired comp instructor slams UNC and NC State writing instruction for its failure to focus on grammar and to base its instruction in—you guessed it—literature. In clashes such as this (because of course the North Carolina media gave this report a lot of air time and called on the directors of these programs to defend their curricula), the debate starts and ends in belief. The beliefs themselves are their own evidence, giving rise to an ideological stalemate.

From my own experiences with mass media on the topic of plagiarism, I can say with confidence that the premises of my opponents' arguments are much more appealing to a mass audience than are mine. Theirs have to do with students' declining literacy skills and morals, and teachers' failure or refusal to call students to account. Now, that sells newspapers. My arguments, in contrast, are grounded in good pedagogy derived from a developmental rather than gatekeeping model of education. Yawn.

What's needed, says Anson, is a revived research agenda. He cites Rich Haswell's article about the NCTE/CCCC retreat from quantitative research and argues that it is just this sort of research that prevails in extradisciplinary debates about literacy and literacy instruction.

In a subsequent discussion about Anson's presentation, a colleague points out the difficulty of publishing such research in composition venues. There's a wonderful irony about it all: our discipline has moved to devalue the very sort of research that is most powerful in public conversations. Does that mean that only the tenured, who can use their names as capital to broker publication, can profitably (extended metaphor of exchange intended) engage in quantitative research? The very bifurcation of quantitative and quantitative methods seems to me ludicrous—just another way (as if we needed one—see, as just one example, Ed White's attempt to exclude the editor of CCC Online from "our community") to establish warring camps within the discipline.

Anson, Chris M. "The Intelligent Design of Writing Programs: Reliance on Belief or a Future of Evidence?" Council of Writing Program Administrators, Chattanooga, TN. 14 July 2006.

Haswell, Richard H. "NCTE/CCCC's Recent War on Scholarship." Written Communication 22.2 (April 2005): 198-223.

Howard, Rebecca Moore. "Selling the Writing Program." Council of Writing Program Administrators, Park City, UT. 11 July 2002.

Posted by senioritis at July 20, 2006 05:09 AM

Comments

Thanks much for posting this for those of us who weren't at the conference. The persistence of the 'research camps' (legacy of Steve North's book? human nature to divide into cliques?) is surprising, given the abundance of good work about methods/methodologies grounded not in a pre-fab taxonomy but rather in kairotic moments. I'm thinking of Cindy Johanek's book Composing Research especially, but also Porter et al's "Rhetorical Methodology article a few yrs. backs, and Sue McLeod's piece in Comp in the New Milennium). Jeesh, why aren't we responding more effectively to such sensible and compelling calls.

Posted by: Bill at July 20, 2006 09:26 AM

Well, from my point of view, we live in a subordinated discipline. And rather than fight common enemies (whoever they may be) we fight each other. It's much easier than fighting someone who might actually retaliate and hurt us. Taking a page from community organizers and building coalition politics seems to me much more useful.

Posted by: senioritis at July 20, 2006 04:03 PM

I think the camps are necessary early on for most of us, though, as we struggle to accomplish a few years' worth of work in a much shorter time as we write dissertations--it's one of the ways that we set boundaries around our projects and hope to keep them manageable.

Problem is, once we hit the t-t, we're being held to the same kinds of expectations as other humanities disciplines, and hit from both sides. There is valid work for us to be doing that is quantitative and qualitative, but you'd have to really kick @$$ to finish and write it up in time to get tenure. Nor are we generally encouraged to avail ourselves of the kind of collaboration in social or hard sciences, which could help compress such projects. This is really thumbnail, and there are smart exceptions, but the fact is that there are some institutional reasons why it's difficult to do the kind of research that Chris called for. What's a little sad (and this is Rich's article) is that we've made it even harder on ourselves by neglecting or discouraging that kind of research.

Johanek was a real eye opener for me, and I've used Jim and Pat's book in courses and in projects with students, but my encounters with them have largely been kairotic--our ability to find nuanced methods shouldn't be a matter of chance...

cgb

Posted by: collin at July 20, 2006 11:45 PM

Spot on. That's a very accurate assessment of the situation; as I rev up to launch a project involving both quantitative and qualitative research, I am quite sobered by the prospect and am marshalling all the support I can get. I will, for example, have to hire a statistician; I have no training that prepares me for statistical analysis. Thus I've stalled for several years, finding a variety of reasons for not launching this research. The difficulties are enormous—too enormous for most graduate students and the untenured, unless, as you point out, they're part of a collaborative group or a social-science-style consortium. Fair enough.

But that's a separate issue from the problem of quantitative research being bracketed in the discipline as unintellectual. And that, too, has happened. To our collective detriment.

Posted by: senioritis at July 21, 2006 07:16 AM

True enough. I don't know that I'd separate them quite as cleanly as that, though. That attitude (which I myself held for some time) is part of what keeps us from working against the institutional blockage. Which keeps most of us away from such research, and seems to reinforce the attitude--hard to convince our students/selves that it's worthwhile work when so few do it...etc etc.

The more I think on it, the more it seems to me a vicious cycle--it's tough to fight against any one part of it without confronting all of it...

cgb

Posted by: collin at July 22, 2006 02:12 AM